Abnormal Pap Smear & Treatment of Pre-Cancer

Abnormal Pap Smear and Colposcopy

What happens when you have an abnormal PAP smear? DO NO PANIC – an abnormal PAP smear does not necessarily mean that you have cancer.

The Pap smear test detects changes in the cells of the cervix. Such changes include precancerous, cancerous and other changes that take place as a result of an infection of the cervix. Early detection of these changes is important, as treatment is most effective when instituted early. In the case of precancerous changes, complete cure is achievable with early detection and effective treatment.

Investigation of Abnormal Pap Smears

One of the most common investigations done is colposcopy.

Colposcopy

A colposcope is an instrument that magnifies the cervix. Colposcopy allows the doctor to examine the cervix to see where the cell changes are and to assess the extent of the changes.

During the procedure, a very mild acetic acid is applied onto the cervix to expose any abnormal cells. This should not hurt, although a stinging sensation may be felt. During the examination, the doctor may take a· tiny sample (biopsy) of the abnormal area for pathology examination.

Treatment

There are several methods of treating precancerous changes in the cervix.

• Laser Vaporisation
• LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure)
• Cone Biopsy
• Electrocautery
• Cryosurgery

Laser Vaporisation

A laser beam is used to destroy the abnormal cells on the cervix. The treatment is very effective and the healing is excellent.

LEEP

An electrodiathermy instrument is used to excise the abnormal area on the cervix. The excised portion is then sent to the laboratory for examination.

Regular Follow-Up

After treatment, follow-up appointments are necessary to ensure that all the abnormal areas have been treated and the cervix has healed well. To ensure that you remain well, regular follow­ up is needed.